Amazon doesn't make huge profits. Last quarter was a surprise, because everyone was expecting yet another quarter in which they announced a net loss on an EPS basis. Even with the surprise -- which was a one-off instance -- 19 cents per share earnings in a random quarter for a company with a market cap that large does not amount to a very profitable company. It's less than $100 million in earnings for the quarter. It wouldn't even point toward good profitability if they could string together multiple quarters like that. The fact is, though, it is expected to return to a losing quarter when it announces 3rd quarter results next month. Projections have it at -15 cents per share next quarter before potentially turning profitable at the end of this year or in 2016.
The fact that Amazon works with such low margins for its core retail business, and it has borrowed heavily (it is a fairly indebted company) into capital, plant, equipment and research, is why I actually guess Amazon has the type of culture that article described. The company has always had a reputation for being frugal in its operations. They try to squeeze the most out of everything and they really are innovative in their operations. I'd guess it takes a certain kind of person to be happy and succeed in that kind of environment. The thing is, it is such a large company, that it really shouldn't be surprising that as it has grown in scale (if not profits), and more and more people have rotated through employment there, it has had quite a few who just didn't fit in. And if someone is dedicated to finding those people, they can obviously make a story out of it.
I won't make sweeping pronouncements about the culture, because honestly I don't know how great or ****ty a place it is to work for the average employee -- just anecdotally I know people who work relatively high up the food chain there who are happy with their jobs. They work really hard. They chose to be there, though. They fit in well -- in a place with a culture of frugaility.
It needs to operate that way, because retail is a ****ty business. It is also why Amazon's strategy for years now, has also been to take try to expand from retail into other businesses, which is also why it has invested so much in so many different things -- and why it loses money and has taken on quite a bit of debt. But it really hasn't figured it out yet. The surprise quarter you pointed to was actually on the back of it's cloud business--Amazon Web Services--which grew unexpectedly for the quarter. It was why the stock popped in what I thought was an overreaction. The narrative was that some of those years of investment -- making Amazon borrow so heavily and earn nothing -- was finally paying off. But it's a long way off from anyone saying Amazon is a very profitable company. In fact, it's a company with upwards of $8 billion of debt on its books. Maybe that money will produce things that will pay off handsomely in the long run. But it's not there yet.